The study of philosophical questions concerning the mind and its properties - questions such as whether the minds distinct from the body or some part of it, such as the brain, and whether the mind has properties, such as consciousness, which are unique to it. But such an answer implicitly assumes something which is already philosophically contentious, namely, that 'minds' areobjectsof a certain kind, somehow related - perhaps causally, perhaps by identity - to other objects, such as bodies or brains. In short, such an answer involves an implicit reification of minds: literally, a making of them into 'things'.

Dr. A. Singh (born on 21th March, 1972) completed his school education at govt. school. He has done his B.A. (H) from Delhi University, M.A. (Psychology) and B.Ed. from JMI, New Delhi, M.Ed., M.Phil. from Delhi University, PGDCA from Kurukshetra University, M.Sc. (Computer Science) from MDU, Rohtak, Ph.D. from CCS University Meerut, PGD DM from IGNOU. He started his professional career as a lecturer in Psychology in the year 2001. He has participated in a number of workshops, seminars and training programmes in the field of primary education including special education and inclusive education organised by NIEPA, NCTE, NCERT and UNICEF.