Buddhism is one of the world’s largest religions and originated 2,500 years ago in India. Buddhists believe that the human life is one of suffering, and that meditation, spiritual and physical labor, and good behavior are the ways to achieve enlightenment, or nirvana. The history of Buddhist logical and epistemological theories constitutes an interesting study for Buddhist religious scholars and philosophers. This volume contains scholarly essays, presented at a seminar, that make an in- depth study of Buddhist logical theory in the background of Buddhist epistemology. Scholars from different parts of the world combine historical and philological scholarship with philosophical acumen and linguistic insight to examine the issues relating to problems of inductive logic and the problem of meaning and the universals. They also address the crucial question regarding the relevance of logical theory to Buddhism, especially to the philosophical soteriology such as Madhyamika. Using both Tibetan and Sanskrit texts to delve deep into the logical issues and philosophical questions, they focus attention on two crucial philosophical concepts: trairupya or the triple character of evidence, and apoha — it’s meaning as “exclusion”. The history of Buddhist logical and epistemological theories constitutes an interesting study for Buddhist religious scholars and philosophers. This comprehensive book offers perspectives based on detailed study of ancient texts and their interpretations will prove an informative source for scholars of Indology, particularly those involved in Buddhist religion and philosophy.

Chandragupta Singh is a prominent scholar of Buddhist studies specializing in logic and epistemology. Singh's research illuminates Buddhist thought, offering insights into epistemological frameworks and their implications for philosophical inquiry and religious studies. His publications on Buddhist philosophical texts and epistemological frameworks have been widely cited in Buddhist studies literature, contributing to philosophical debates and religious studies.